SOCI 101 Study Guide - Final Guide: Social Stratification, Opiate, Job Hunting

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Document Summary

Social trends that contributed to birth of sociology: urbanization, enlightenment, and industrialization. How the social trends influenced the emergences of sociology: Urbanization- moving from rural areas to inner cities created segregation and stratification. There was an increase in crime, poverty and urbanization. Enlightenment- people started to doubt religion, which were the rules/reasons people lived by. Industrialization- use of machinery to make things easier and quicker. Herbert spencer embraced the idea on social darwinism. Survival of the fittest (herbert spencer): in any society there is structural movement in which the best will rise to the top and worst will remain at the bottom. Conflict theory (marx): have vs. have nots and power equal money. There will always be conflict between the rich and the poor. The wealthy want to maintain their wealth and the poor want some of the wealth. Structural/functionalist (durkheim): social solidarity- how much stability and connection (support) people feel to each other.

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