PH 102 Final: ph102_sum08_final_SOLN

29 views11 pages

turquoisegnu128

31 Jan 2019

School

University of Alabama

Department

Course

PH 102

Professor

All

For unlimited access to Study Guides, a Grade+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

2 0. 230c: neutrons have an average lifetime of 15 minutes when at rest in the laboratory. 2 1. 8 10 9 n (cid:4) 90 n. 2 1. 0 10 4 n: a free electron and a free proton are placed in an identical electric eld. 2 each particle is acted on by the same electric force and has the same acceleration. 2: consider a simple parallel-plate capacitor whose plates are given equal and opposite charges and are separated by a distance d. the capacitor is not connected to a battery. 2 the nal stored energy is greater than the initial stored energy. 2 they are the same: in the gure below, a point charge 1q+ is at the center of an imaginary spherical gaussian surface and another point charge 2q+ is outside of the gaussian surface. Point p is on the surface of the sphere.

Related Questions

Solve all please.

INSTRUCTIONS: There are 15 problems on this exam, and each problem is worth 13 points, plus 5 points for writing down an approximate volume of the planet Earth in cubic miles at the bottomleft corner of page 3, for a total possible 200 points. For this exam, you are allowed to use one 8.5"X11" sheet of notes (both sides, in your own handwriting), pencil, eraser, ruler, scratch paper and calculator. Even though the questions are multiple-choice, you need to show enough work to justify your answer in order to receive full credit. After you have determined the correct solution to each problem, write the letter corresponding to your answer in the appropriate space on the right side of the page AND circle your answer. If your answer does not agree with any of the choices, after double-checking your work, choose option E) and prominently mark your answer (box, circle, underline, etc.). Time limit: Two hours. Attach (i.e. staple) any notecard and scratch paper to the rear of this exam paper. Good luck! MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Solve the problem. The northern third of Indiana is a rectangle measuring 96 miles by 132 miles. Thus, let D = [0, 96] times [0,132]. Assuming that the total annual snowfall (in inches), S(x,y), at (x,y) euro D is given by the function S(x,y) = 60e-0.001 (2x + y) with (x,y) euro D, find the average snowfall on D. 51.14 inches 52.06 inches 51.78 inches 52.44 inches Evaluate the work done between point 1 and point 2 for the conservative field F. Using Green's Theorem, compute the counterclockwise circulation of F around the closed curve C. Evaluate the surface integral of G over the surface S. S is the portion of the cone Find the flux of the vector field F across the surface S in the indicated direction. Using the Divergence Theorem, find the outward flux of F across the boundary of the region D. Integrate the function f over the given region. f(x,y) = 1/ln x over the region bounded by the x-axis, line x = 9, and curvey y = ln x Reverse the order of integration and then evaluate the integral Use a double integral in polar coordinates to find the area of the region specified in polar coordinates. the region inside both r = 7 sin Theta and r = 7 cos Theta Use spherical coordinates to find the volume of the indicated region. the region bounded above by the sphere x2 + y2 + z2 = 25 and below by the cone z = Find the center of mass of the rectangular solid of density (x,y,z) = xyz defined by 0 LE x LE 8, Use the given transformation to evaluate the integral. where R is the parallelogram bounded by the lines y = 8x + 8, y = 8x +9, y = -6x + 2, y = -6x +7 Evaluate the line integral along the curve C. Find the work done by F over the curve in the direction of increasing t.

Calculations First Trial UPDATED

Theoretical yield (CaCO3):

Actual yield (CaCO3):

Percent yield:

Moles of Ca present in original solution, based on actual yield:

Mass of CaCl2 present in original solution, based on actual yield:

Can someone please help me with these three easy questions please? Thank you! SHOW ALL WORK!!

THIS IS MY DATA FROM MY LAB EXPERIMENT. I JUST NEED FOR YOU TO FIND THE ANSWERS TO THE ABOVE QUESTIONS WITH WORK SHOWN!

Table 1: Data and Observations
	Mass
CaCl₂ :	ORGINAL MASS: 2.0g AFTER 24 HOURS 5.8g
K₂CO₃ :	2.5g
Filter Paper	2.1 g
Watch Glass	33.6g
Precipitate	3.3g

Procedure

Put on your safety glasses and gloves (provided in your safety box).

Turn on the scale by pressing the button labeled "0/T". If your scale does not turn on, you may have to remove the battery cover and remove a small strip of plastic from the battery housing. Once the scale is on, press the "0/T" button a second time to zero the scale. Make sure that the units are in grams (g). If not, press the M button until the units displayed are in grams.

Place a weigh boat on the scale and record the mass in Table 2. Zero the mass of the weigh boat by pressing the "0/T" button. Your scale should now read 0 g.

Add 2.0 g of CaCl₂ to the weigh boat. Record the mass in Table 2. Set this sample aside, and let it sit exposed to the air (but otherwise undisturbed) for 24 hours. Complete Steps 3 - 23 while you wait.

Place a 250 mL beaker on the scale and zero it.

Add 2.0 g of CaCl₂ to the beaker. Record the exact mass of the powder in Table 1.

Remove the beaker from the scale. Use a 100 mL graduated cylinder to measure and pour 50 mL of distilled water into the beaker and mix with the stir rod until all the CaCl₂ has dissolved.
Note: This is an exothermic process, so the beaker may become warm.

Place a 50 mL beaker on the scale and zero the scale.

Add 2.5 g of K₂CO₃ to the 50 mL beaker. Record the exact mass of the powder in Table 1.

Remove the beaker from the scale. Use the 100 mL graduated cylinder to measure and pour 25 mL of distilled water into the 50 mL beaker. Mix with the stir rod until all the K₂CO₃ has dissolved.

Rinse the stir rod with water.

Add all of the K₂CO₃ solution to the beaker containing the CaCl₂ solution. It is important that all of the K₂CO₃ is added to the beaker. To ensure this, rinse the 50 mL beaker with up to 5 mL distilled water, and pour the rinse in the CaCl₂ solution.

Using the stopwatch to keep time, stir the solution with the stir rod for four minutes. Then, allow it to sit for 15 minutes. This will allow sufficient time for the chemical reaction to occur.

Rinse the stir rod with water.

Place a piece of filter paper on the scale and record the mass in Table 1.

Place a watch glass on the scale and record the mass in Table 1.

Fold the filter paper in half and in half again so that it resembles a triangle with one arched side.

Pull apart one fold of the filter paper so that three sides of the filter paper remain together, with one side making up the other half of the funnel shape (Figure 5).

Hold the funnel over a sink or any sized container. Place the paper into the funnel and use a pipette to drip 5 mL of distilled water around the edges of the filter paper. This will prevent the filter paper from rising up out of the funnel.

Rest the funnel on top of the Erlenmeyer flask.

After 15 minutes has passed, swirl the beaker and slowly filter the solution (that you created in Step 9) from the 250 mL beaker through the filter paper. Additional distilled water may also be used to transfer any remaining solid into the filtration apparatus.

After all the solution has been filtered, use the pipette to rinse the filter paper with approximately 5 mL of isopropyl alcohol to aid the drying process. Allow the isopropyl alcohol to completely drip through the filter before removing filter paper from the funnel.

Carefully remove the filter paper. Unfold and place it precipitate-side up onto the pre-weighed watch glass. Be sure not to lose any precipitate during this transfer.

Allow the precipitate to dry, undisturbed, for at least 24 hours. Determine the mass of the product recovered by re-weighing the system and subtracting the weight of the filter paper and watch glass. Record your data in Table 1.

Re-weigh the sample of CaCl₂ that was allowed to sit exposed for 24 hours. Subtract the mass of the weigh boat and record the mass and your observations in Table 2.

TABLE 2 IS NOT IMPORTANT IN SOLVING THE QUESTION AS IT JUST ASKS FOR MY OBERVATION OF CaCl₂ AFTER 24 HOURS. ALSO TO FIND THE ACTUAL YIELD, YOU WOULD HAVE TO FIND FIRST THE PERCENT YIELD AND THEORTICAL YIELD.

Answer question part a-d

Question part A

Diffusion Lab

Purpose: To investigate the diffusion of a substance across a semipermeable membrane.

Materials:

iodine (must be colored, clear won't work)

cornstarch/water solution

plastic sandwich bags (cheap is good)

beakers or clear plastic cups

Set-Up and Procedure
1. Fill beaker about halfway and put about ten drops of iodine.
2. Put about a teaspoon of starch and about 3 ounces of water in baggie and tie.
3. Make sure that it is water tight
4. Put the baggie in the beaker or glass and wait.
5. In about 15 minutes the solution in the baggie will turn blue/black. (purple)
This is a result of the iodine diffusing through the bag.
You should know that iodine is an indicator for starch. It turns blue/black in color.
Test it by dropping some iodine on a piece of white paper.

Questions and Conclusions :

Define permeability

To which substance is the plastic bag is permeable ?

Why did the iodine enter the bag ?

Why didn't the starch enter the beaker?

How is the plastic bag like the cell membrane?

Question part b

Reflex Lab

Procedures for Reflex Lab

In this lab we will test muscle stretch reflexes and cutaneous reflexes.

A partner is needed to be the subject for this lab.

Purpose: To test and observe normal muscle stretch and cutaneous reflexes.

Equipment: Reflex hammer,

Background: In the most narrow sense, a reflex is an involuntary, unpremeditated response by the body to an external stimulus. Reflexes allow reaction to a stimulus more quickly than would be possible if conscious thought were involved. A reflex can be described as a stimulus-response cycle. Most reflexes involve the brainstem or the spinal cord and do not require interaction from higher brain centers. The muscle stretch reflexes are the simplest reflexes. They involve the sensory neuron synapsing directly upon the motor neuron. They are sometimes called monosynaptic reflexes. They are also called spinal reflexes because the reflexive action does not require input from the brain. The other reflexes we will be testing in this lab are the cutaneous reflexes. They are also called superficial reflexes because the receptors are in the superficial areas of the body. They are more complex and require the message to go up the spinal cord to the brain and then back down to elicit the response. These can be used to test for CNS injury.

There are five components to a reflex; these components together are called the reflex arc. The components are as follows:

sensory receptor â receives the stimulus and generates an impulse (is usually a nerve ending)

afferent pathway â a neuron that carries the impulse from the receptor to a central integrating center

integrating center âthis is where the afferent component connects to the efferent component- this is in the CNS. One or more synapses must occur here. Interneurons are not involved in stretch reflexes but are always found in all other types of reflexes.

efferent pathway - a neuron that carries the impulse from the integrating center to an effector.

effector -receives the impulse and responds. The effector may by skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, or glands.

For more information please read chapter 12 : "Muscle" ( Pages 380-390) in Human Physiology book ( 12th edition by Stuart Ira Fox)

Part I. Stretch reflexes.

First do muscle stretch reflexes which are also called deep tendon reflexes.

It is important the subject relax the muscle being tested. Tell the subject to let the muscle go limp.

Rate each response according to the following scale:

+4 very brisk, hyperactive, large movement at joint.

+3 brisker than average, medium movement at joint

+2 average, small movement at joint

+1 somewhat diminished, very small or no movement at joint

0 no response

A. Patellar (also called the knee jerk reflex) â activation of femoral nerve. The receptor is located in the quadriceps muscle, the effector is the quadriceps muscle. The nerve ending is responding to the stretch of the muscle caused by striking the tendon.

1. A subject is allowed to sit comfortably on a table with knees dangling over the edge.

2. Using a reflex hammer (or substitute as described above) strike the patellar tendon just below the kneecap.

3. Observe the action caused by the reflex.

4. Record your results using the graded scale above.

B. Biceps Reflex â activation of the musculocutaneous nerve

1. Rest subjectâs left forearm along your left forearm.

2. Subjectâs hand should rest in or near the bend of your elbow.

3. Press your left thumb on the subjectâs biceps tendon, apply a little pressure.

4. Strike your thumb with the reflex hammer, this will transfer the pressure to the biceps tendon.

5. Watch carefully for twitching of the biceps muscle. Usually, the forearm will not move.

6. Record your results using the graded scale above.

C. Triceps reflex â activation of the radial nerve.

This is a difficult reflex to observe, but give it a try.

1. The subject should have the arm relaxed and elbow bent.

2. Support the entire weight of the arm with your left hand.

3. Strike the triceps tendons, just above the elbow.

4. Watch carefully for twitching of the biceps muscle.

5. Record your results using the graded scale above.

Both B and C show up best on someone who doesnât have a lot of subcutaneous fat and who has good muscle definition.

D. Achilles reflex (also called ankle-jerk reflex) â activation of the poplitealnerve. The principle is similar to the knee-jerk reflex. Here the stretch receptors are located in the gastrocnemius muscle.

1. Have the subject take her/his shoes and socks off, exposing the Achilles tendon on the back of the ankle.

2. Strike the Achilles with the reflex hammer (or substitute) and observe the extension of the foot downward.

3. Record the results using the graded scale above.

Part II. Cutaneous reflexes

A. Plantar reflex

This reflex differs from the four muscle stretch reflexes. In this reflex, receptors are stimulated in the sole of the foot (cutaneous receptors). The reflex pathway travels up the leg to the integrating center. While in the integrating center, the reflex travels up the spinal cord through the pyramidal tracts, which are nerve pathways between the spinal cord and brain.

1. The subject needs to lie on his or her back, with shoes and socks off.

2. Using the end of the handle of the reflex hammer, trace a path along the lateral side from heel to the little toe to the big toe.

3. Observe for the flexion (toe curling) which is recorded as a normal plantar reflex.

4. If the toes curl, this is called a Negative Babinski response and is normal. If the toes flare, then an abnormal response is recorded and is called a Positive Babinski response and indicates CNS damage.

5. Record the results.

B. Ciliospinal reflex â This reflexive pathway is from the skin to the thoracic spinal cord, through the sympathetic trunk, then to the dilator pupillae muscle of the eye. This is another test of the CNS.

1. Pinch the back of the subjectâs neck,

2. Watch pupils for a response.

3. A normal response is dilation of the pupil.

4. Record your results.

question part c

Homeostasis Lab - Heart Beat Regulation

This lab is designed to help explore the process of homeostasis as it applies to regulating heart rate. It also should help how a sampling process works.

Make two copies of the data sheet (or make your own) and paste them into your report.

1. Take a pulse for six seconds, record this number in the table below.

2. Every 15 seconds for the next three minutes, take a pulse again for six seconds, record each of these values.

3. Multiply each of these values by 10 to get the beats per minute.

4. Now average these numbers (this is the setpoint for the pulse at resting). Note the range of values (that is how far they can deviate from the set point).

5. The next step is to take a 30 second reading. Multiply this number by 2 to get beats per minute.

6. How does this compare to the setpoint?

7. Repeat steps 1 through 6 after running in place for 30 seconds. Record the same data.

8. After getting 8 readings, stop and plot these numbers on a piece of graph paper. The X-axis should be minutes and the Y-axis should be heart rate.(Don't forget to connect the points ). You can do this in Excel and then import it into Word. Or you can e-mail this to me.

Submit your lab report in the correct format.. Respond to the questions above. Explain WHY the results were what they were. Compare the resting and post-exercise and postulate explanations for the differences. You should have two data tables and one graph with your heart rate data from both tables on it in your report.

Time in seconds	Heart rate (bpm)
0 (initial recording)
15
30
45
60
75
90
105

question part d

What was one thing you found interesting, confusing or surprising about any of the lab activities? Why?

PH 102 Final: ph102_sum08_final_SOLN

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

PH 102 Final: ph102_sum08_final

PH 102 Midterm: ph102_Sum10_Exam_2

PH 102 Midterm: ph102_sum08_exam2

Related Questions