PSY 322 Study Guide - Summer 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Dsm-5, Serotonin, Mental Disorder
12 Oct 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
PSY 322
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Lecture 1
Introduction of Abnormal Psychology
History of Psychology
Ancient Theories ancient times believed that abnormalities were demonic possession of
the abnormal ones ---> threatening & dangerous
Greek & Roman Views people believed god controlled abnormalities
HIPPOCRATES “FATHER OF WESTERN MEDICINE”
● Roles of the brain in the abnormal behavior
● Rejected supernatural explanations of psychology disorders
● Categories of mental disorders
○ Mania - bipolar
○ Melancholia - sadness/depression (medication & healthy diet)
○ Phrenitis - brain fever/schizophrenia (trephining & repentance---> forgiveness of
sin recovery)
○ Hysteria - women treated with marriage & pregnancy
❖ 4 humors balanced & purity essential maintaining health
1) Blood (sanguine) - healthy, cheerful, optimism ---> air
2) Black bile (melancholia) - withdrawn ---> earth
3) Phlegm (phleginaties) - passivity, emotionalism, sensitivity ---> water
4) Yellow bile (choleric) - hot tempered ---> fire
Galen Roman Empire
❖ Brain & central nervous system in mental functioning
❖ Hysteria causing result from a symptom of unhappiness
Middle Ages & Renaissance
❖ Witchcraft & demons were responsible for abnormalities
❖ Mass hysteria - emotional contagion express and feel emotion that similar to others
Rise of Humanism ---> Enlightenment
❖ John Weyer convicted of witchery were mentally ill not possessed by demons
❖ Paracelsus refuted the demonic and witchery possession
Nineteenth Century
❖ Normals remove abnormal from society, taken to asylums to be “cared for”
❖ Reality, patients were abused and treated like animals
Philipee Pinel Moral Treatment Movement
❖ Remove patient chain, sunny room, exercise outdoor, treat patient with kindness
❖ Did not become violent, humane treatment recovery and improve behavior
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
William Tuke
❖ Retreat of “moral treatment”
❖ Patients worked, prayed, rested, talked out their problem
Dorothea Dix “Mental Hygiene Movement”
❖ Improve quality of care and extended care to everyone
Twentieth Century
❖ Sigmund Freud founder of psychoanalysis
➢ Existed in childhood of the patient
➢ 3 aspects of psychoanalysis
■ Mind structure
■ Strategies to deal with threats to mind
■ Psychosocial development crucial to normal behavior
❖ Psychoanalytic theory of personality development
➢ Id - unconscious, seek pleasure for itself
➢ Ego - mostly conscious, stands for good reason and good sense, for rational
ways of coping with frustration
➢ Supergo - mostly unconscious
Current view of Abnormal
❖ Biological model
➢ Change in brain structure is the result of a disorder or not the cause
➢ No brain structure difference b/w people with or w/o disorder
➢ Biological factor maladaptive behavior
■ Neurotransmitter and hormonal imbalances in the brain
● Serotonin - regulate behavior, mood, thought processes
● GABA - inhibits behavior and emotion
● NE - indirectly involved in wide behavior and emotions
● Dopamine - increased levels play a role in schizophrenia
❖ Genetic vulnerability
➢ Environment may “turn on” certain genes
➢ Disorder usually influenced by a combination of genes
❖ Temperament and other constitutional liabilities
➢ Reactivity and characteristics way of self regulation
➢ Emotion and arousal responses
❖ Psychological models
➢ Parent’s effect on children
➢ Through direct interactions
➢ Response to child’s behavior
➢ Modeling certain behavior and giving instructions
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Ancient theories ancient times believed that abnormalities were demonic possession of the abnormal ones ---> threatening & dangerous. Greek & roman views people believed god controlled abnormalities. Roles of the brain in the abnormal behavior. Melancholia - sadness/depression (medication & healthy diet) Phrenitis - brain fever/schizophrenia (trephining & repentance---> forgiveness of sin recovery) Hysteria - women treated with marriage & pregnancy. Brain & central nervous system in mental functioning. Hysteria causing result from a symptom of unhappiness. Witchcraft & demons were responsible for abnormalities. Mass hysteria - emotional contagion express and feel emotion that similar to others. John weyer convicted of witchery were mentally ill not possessed by demons. Paracelsus refuted the demonic and witchery possession. Normals remove abnormal from society, taken to asylums to be cared for . Reality, patients were abused and treated like animals. Remove patient chain, sunny room, exercise outdoor, treat patient with kindness. Did not become violent, humane treatment recovery and improve behavior.
