BIOL 113 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Intercalated Disc, Neuromuscular Junction, Endoplasmic Reticulum
Document Summary
Cells arranged in layers going in different directions. Intercalated disks contains desmosomes, that holds fibers together, and gap junctions, which allow muscle action potentials to spread from one muscle fiber to its neighbors. What are the functions of muscle: producing movement, maintaining posture, stabilizing joints, generating heat. Explain the function of these specialized skeletal muscle structures: Sarcolemma: plasma membrane of skeletal muscle fibers; allow electrical signals from nervous system to spread rapidly over surface. Transverse tubules: tubes through the cell that help electrical signals spread. Sarcoplasmic reticulum: modified endoplasmic reticulum; stores calcium; calcium release triggers muscle contraction. Be able to identify the following on a skeletal muscle diagram: Origin: the attachment of the muscle tendon to a stationary bone or the end opposite of insertion; fixed attachment. Direct/fleshy attachment: the muscle"s epimysium is fused to bone"s periosteum or cartilage"s perichondrium.
