BIO SCI 99 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Open Reading Frame, Archibald Garrod, Mendelian Inheritance

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Beadle tatum one gene, one enzyme" hypothesis: archibald garrod, beginning with his studies of alkaptonuria, observed that inbred errors of metabolism exhibited mendelian inheritance patterns and so linked genes to enzymes. Why: the one gene, one enzyme" hypothesis has been modified to one gene, one polypeptide" since not all proteins are enzymes and some proteins are complexes composed of multiple separate polypeptides. What is a genome: how is a genome defined, repetitive elements in our genome can be divided into tandem-repeat and dispersed-repeat elements. What distinction is being made here between these two groups: the dispersed repeat elements are composed of different families of transposon-like elements with a small percentage showing transposition activity. The fact that similar genes (genes that share sequence similarity) generally have similar functions means that much of what we learn from studying other organisms will apply to ourselves, or at least help point us in the right direction.