LIFESCI 2 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Chemical Polarity, Beta Sheet, Disulfide

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11 Apr 2018
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Unit of measure for mass of a proton: dalton (1 proton/neutron = 1 da = 1. 7x10^-24g) An element consists of only one kind of atom. 98% of mass of every living organisms have 6 elements: c,h,o,n,p,s. Mass number = total number of protons and neutrons. Isotopes= same number of protons but different number of neutrons. Radioisotopes= unstable; spontaneously give off energy in form of alpha, beta, gamma rays (aka radioactive decay) Behavior of electrons determines chemical bonding and geometry. Orbital=region of space where electron is found at least 90% of the time. Second shell: 4 orbitals (s + 3 p); 8 electrons. Chemical bond: attractive force that links two atoms together in a molecule. Compound: pure substance made up of two or more different elements bonded together in fixed ratio. Molecular weight (relative molecular mass): sum of the atomic weights of all atoms in the molecule. Polar covalent bond: electrons drawn to one nucleus more.

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