[BIOL 1107] - Final Exam Guide - Ultimate 91 pages long Study Guide!

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scarletsnake208

1 Dec 2016

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High electronegativity is when an atom in a molecule holds the electrons more tightly and have a partial negative charge. ( the other atom will have a partial positive charge) The difference in electronegativity dictates how electrons are distributed in covalent bonds. Certain atoms are higher electronegativity and attract more electrons. Nonpolar covalent bond: electrons are evenly shared between two atoms and the bond is symmetrical. Oxygen atom: two o atoms come together to form an oxygen molecule. Both pulling on each other with same amount of attractive force. Polar covalent bond: electrons are asymmetrically shared. Water: needs two electrons to fill outer orbital. Since the oxygen atom is more electronegative than the hydrogen so partial charges exist on the o and h atoms. Covalent bonds do not dissolve in water. ** when an electron is transferred, it"s a loss of energy that can be obtained/absorbed and used to perform work**

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2. Inductive reasoning in science:

a) is often part of the discovery process

b) proceeds from specific observations to general conclusions

c) is complementary to deductive reasoning

d) often relies on descriptive science

e) all of the above

3. A proton is a subatomic particle with:

a) a negative charge and an atomic mass of 1

b) a negative charge and a negligible mass

c) a positive charge and an atomic mass of 1

d) no charge and an atomic mass of 1

e) no charge and a negligible mass

4. Nonpolar covalent bonds are formed when:

a) electrons are shared equally by atoms

b) electrons are shared unequally by atoms

c) electrons are transferred completely from one atom to another

d) two atoms both lose electrons

e) a negative pole of one atom is attracted to a positive pole of another atom

5. Hydrogen bonds are formed when:

a) electrons are shared equally by atoms

b) electrons are shared unequally by atoms

c) electrons are transferred completely from one atom to another

d) two atoms both lose electrons

e) a negative end of one molecule is attracted to a positive end of another molecule

6. Compared with a solution of pH = 4, a solution with pH = 6 is:

a) 2 times less acidic

b) 10 times more acidic

c) 100 times more acidic

d) 10 times less acidic

e) 100 times less acidic

7. Nucleotides are formed from:

a) 3 fatty acids and a glycerol

b) 3 monosaccharides and a glycerol

c) a fatty acid, a pentose sugar, and 1 or more phosphate groups

d) a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and 1 or more phosphate groups

e) an amino acid, a pentose sugar, and 1 or more phosphate groups

8. Which nucleotide base is found in RNA, but not in DNA?

a) adenine

b) cytosine

c) guanine

d) thymine

e) uracil

9. The correct sequence for the levels in the taxonomic hierarchy is:

a) domain â class â order â kingdom â phylum â genus â family â species

b) kingdom â domain â class â phylum â order â family â genus â species

c) domain â kingdom â phylum â class â order â family â genus â species

d) domain â kingdom â phylum â class â order â genus â family â species

e) phylum â kingdom â domain â order â class â genus â family â species

10. The outer (valence) shell of an atom can hold a maximum of:

a) 4 electrons

b) 6 electrons

c) 8 electrons

d) 12 electrons

e) 18 electrons

11. Which of the following is not true of lipids?

a) they are a diverse group of biological molecules

b) they are hydrophobic

c) they are less oxidized than carbohydrates

d) they are strongly polar

e) they can store more energy than carbohydrates

coralcattle151

Fill in the following chart with the appropriate subatomic particle and state whether each is located in the nucleus of the orbital

Particle	Charge	Location (Nucleus or Orbital)
	Positive (+)
	Negative (-)
	Neutral Charge

Fill in the following chart using the lowercase letter of the statements below. Please be aware that some letters should be used more than once because they are true for more than one type of bond.

Covalent Bonds	Ionic Bonds	Hydrogen Bonds

Electrons are transferred from one atom to another atom

Valance electrons are shared between atoms

Involves positive and negative ions

A weak bond between 2 or more polar molecules

A bond between 2 or more atoms

The type of bond used to make NaCl (table salt)

The type of bond used to make CH₄ (Methane)

What does it mean when a molecule is described as âpolar?â Be detailed in your answer.

State and explain two reasons that water molecules are essential to life because of their hydrogen bonds.

Fill in the chart with the missing information about macromolecules

Macromolecule	Dietary source	Function	Example	Defining Characteristics
Carbohydrate			Cellulose and glucose
Lipid	Fats, Oils
Protein
Nucleic Acid	Sardines, beans, spinach			Made of nucleotides (contain a base, sugar and phosphate)

greydinosaur410

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Question 211 pts

Blood cells placed in pure water will burst because there is a net movement of water out of the cell.

True

False

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Question 221 pts

Photosynthesis takes place in tiny organelles within the cell known as mitochondria.

True

False

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Question 231 pts

The balanced chemical equation for cellular respiration is

C6H12O6 + 6O2 â 6CO2 + 6 H2O + 36 or 38 ATP

True

False

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Question 241 pts

A catalyst is anything that speeds up a chemical reaction.

True

False

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Question 251 pts

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion.

True

False

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Question 261 pts

Changes in temperature and pH may speed up or slow down the activity of an enzyme.

True

False

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Question 271 pts

There are 20 different amino acids.

True

False

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Question 281 pts

The products of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis are oxygen, ATP, and NADPH.

True

False

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Question 291 pts

Which of the following is NOT a component of the Cell Theory?

Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell.

Cells are the smallest units of structure and function

All organisms are composed of one or more cells.

Cells can vary their shape and size to suit the environment for survival.

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Question 301 pts

What is the name of the two subatomic particles that can be found in the nucleus of an atom?

neutrons and electrons

protons and neutrons

protons and electrons

protons and morons

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Question 311 pts

Atoms that have either a positive or negative charge are known as:

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Question 321 pts

An atom with an unfilled outer energy level (electron shell) is likely to be:

inert

unable to form bonds with other atoms

reactive

extremely stable

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Question 331 pts

All living things are able to maintain stable internal conditions. This is known as

metabolism

homeostasis

heredity

cellular organization

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Question 341 pts

Which of the following is NOT considered to be one of the five basic properties shared among living organisms?

made of one or more cells

grow and reproduce

posses DNA

need oxygen to survive

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Question 351 pts

CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons) in the stratosphere cause:

global warming due to increased CO2

increase ozone levels by converting O2 to O3 and decreasing UV passage to Earth.

act as a catalyst to destroy ozone increasing UV passage to Earth.

increased ice crystal formation that cools the earth.

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Question 361 pts

The process by which traits are passed from parents to offspring is known as:

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Question 371 pts

Alcoholic fermentation occurs in muscle cells of the human body.

True

False

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Question 381 pts

If carbon has 6 protons and 6 neutrons, how many electrons must it have to be electrically neutral?

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Question 391 pts

The loss of an electron is known as _______; the gain of an electron is known as ________.

reduction; oxidation

transduction; adduction

oxidation; reduction

removal; addition

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Question 401 pts

Kinetic energy is the stored energy that can be used for motion.

True

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[BIOL 1107] - Final Exam Guide - Ultimate 91 pages long Study Guide!

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