BIOL 1107 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Chitin, Ketone, Osmosis
Document Summary
96% of all living things: c, n, o, h organic=carbon basically every molecule in body is based off of carbon backbone. 1 orbital = up to 2 electrons first shell= 1 orbital = up to 2 electrons second shell= 4 orbitals = up to 8 electrons outermost shell =valence shell. Valence = number of unpaired electrons valence determines chemical reactivity (each unpaired electron is half a potential covalent bond) Oxygen- outer shell= 6 electrons, valence shell, 2 filled orbitals, 2 unfilled orbitals. Mass number= protons + neutrons atomic number= number of protons atomic weight= average mass of all naturally occurring isotopes. Nonpolar covalent bond: equal sharing of electrons, c-h share electrons about equally, c-h, c-c. Polar covalent bond: o-h(partial negative charge oxygen, partial positive charge hydrogen, n-h( partial negative charge nitrogen, partial positive charge hydrogen, unequal sharing of electrons (creates a partial charge, o-h do not share electrons equally.
