HIST 1400 Study Guide - Spring 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Soviet Union, Kingdom Of Italy, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
HIST 1400
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Dante DeCesare
Professor Eddie
History 1400
Notes
Notes 1/31/18
The Protestant Revolution Discussion
Christian Faiths
a. Catholic
i. Institutional
1. Hierarchal
a. Pope = Top
2. Faith and Good works gets you to heaven
a. Free Will
3. *Based on Bible
4. Everything should be in Latin
5. Church should be elaborate
b. Protestant
i. *Faith Alone can get you to heaven
1. Predetermined path
a. No free will
ii. Splinter Groups
1. Lutheranism
a. Led by Martin Luther
iii. Should be in your Native language
iv. “Keep it simple stupid”
1. Church should be simple
v. *Everyone has direct connection to god
Pope Leo X, “Condemning the Errors of Martin Luther” (1520, Rome)
1. State involvement in churches
2. Uses “we” to embody church
a. Addresses himself as a monarch
i. “Appointed by God”
3. Calls Lutheran “Simple Minded”
a. Says church must have hierarchy
i. Higher up you are closer to god
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b. Indulgences are only for those who can't do it themselves
Martin Luther, “On the freedom of a Christian” (1520, Germany)
1. Religious power is more important than secular power
2. As long as you believe nothing can hurt you
3.
Notes 2/5/18
The Scientific Revolution:
1. Christianity + Astronomy did not mesh
a. Everyone was a “Devout” Christian at this time
2. Challenges Authority of ancient greeks and romans
a. Especially Astronomy
i. Ptolemaic Model
1. Earth at center of the Universe
a. “We Don’t feel like we’re moving so we are not moving”
ii. Copernican Model
1. Earth not center of Universe
iii. Planets orbit in perfect circles
1. God does not make anything imperfect
3. “The Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies”, Nicolaus Copernicus (1543, Poland)
a. Says Sun is center of the earth
i. Publishes book on his deathbed
1. Church wouldn’t be happy with it
a. Believed Humans were center of earth and Copernicus
doesn't
4. “The Crime of Galileo”, Cardinals of Inquisition (1633, Rome)
a. First Telescope
i. Discovers the Moon is a place just like Earth
ii. Funded by the Medicis
1. Powerful family
a. Funded arts
5. Isaac Newton died a VIRGIN.
a. Huge Loser
b. Invented Calculus
i. Fucked me my whole high school career
6.
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find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Notes 1/31/18: pope = top, faith and good works gets you to heaven, free will, *based on bible, everything should be in latin, church should be elaborate, protestant. End to catholic/protestant wars of religion that began in 1522. Scientists, philosophers, etc. come together to pool information. King louis then crushes the nobles right after. King charles i executed by parliament in 1649. The glorious revolution of 1688 and john locke. All citizens entitled to life, liberty, and the pursuit of property . Solution is a social contract on the basis of radical democracy. Idea that absolutist monarchs can be taught the values of the enlightenment. Use them to create ideal societies within kingdoms. Quiz notes 2/21/18: copernicus, astronomer, proposed the idea that humans are not the center of the universe, goes against all teachings of the church, used rudimentary instruments and mathematics. Notes 2/21/18: glorious revolution, 1688, series of reformation over years. Tsar begins to make changes to please people.
