MCB 2000 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Malic Acid, Thioester, Very Low-Density Lipoprotein
Document Summary
Four main functions of fatty acids: phospholipids in membranes, triglycerides for energy storage (less weight than glycogen, secondary messengers, covalent modi cation of proteins. Store water with glycogens, hydrophobic with fatty acids. Major source is from carbohydrates (needs carbon chains) No insulin present: acetyl coa -> ketone bodies (buildup of heat, severely fasted state) Reducing equivalents: nadph -> reduced amount of glycolysis with nadh and less starting material, both processes can occur simultaneously with nadph. Wednesday, april 19, 2017: pentose phosphate pathway, malic enzyme. Integration of glycolysis, tca cycle, and pentose phosphate pathway. 2 carbon (acetyl coa) units added together. Activation by conversion from acetyl coa -> malonyl coa. Decarboxylation of malonyl coa + nadph reduction drives growth. 8 acetyl-coa + 7 atp + 8 atp. Glucose converted to pyruvate -> acetyl coa through pdc. But transport out of mito by citrate, get citrate by binding oaa and acetyl coa.
