BILD 1 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Mitochondrial Matrix, Leaf, Quorum Sensing

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28 Feb 2018
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1st law of thermodynamics: energy in universe is constant. Energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created nor destroyed. 2nd law of thermodynamics: every energy transfer increases the entropy of the universe (entropy is measure of molecular randomness/disorder: during every energy transfer, some energy is unusable and often lost as heat. Living cells unavoidably convert organized forms of energy to heat (disordered form of energy: spontaneous processes: without energy; quick or slow; increases entropy of universe, nonspontaneous processes: decrease entropy, needs energy input. Organisms: biological order and disorder: organisms create ordered structures from less organized forms of energy and matter, but replace ordered forms of matter and energy in their surroundings with less ordered forms. Net entropy level increases: ex: animals consume complex molecules in their food and release smaller, lower energy molecules and heat into their surroundings. If change is negative, the reaction is spontaneous.

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