BISC104- Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 169 pages long!)

• School: University of Delaware
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BISC104
• Professor: Walsh Patricia

Document Summary

Ets: environmental tobacco smokes (second hand smoke, gases, carbon monoxide, particles, tar, chemicals, > 4500 identified, at least 50 are identified as cancer-causing (carcinogens) Breathing- on average a resting person: 12 breaths/minute, 500 ml of air/breath, therefore 6 liters of air/minute. Take a breath: diaphragm contracts, dome shape flattens, rib cage expands, chest volume increases, air pressure decreases and air comes in. Exhalation: diaphragm relaxes; flattened to dome shapes, rib cage moves back, chest volume decreases, air pressure increases and air moves out. As the co2 level in blood increases, breathing increases. Path of air: mouth or nostril, pharynx, larynx (voice box, trachea, rings of cartilage, lungs, bronchi= 2 branches, bronchioles= smaller branches, alveoli= where gas exchange occurs; air sacs; covered in network of capillaries. Clicker question: gases like o2 and co2 pass across a plasma membrane by simple diffusion. Gas exchange: simple diffusion between the alveoli and the capillaries.