[PSYC209] - Final Exam Guide - Everything you need to know! (78 pages long)

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Read as (cid:862)the sum of the scores. (cid:863) Samples are generally representative but are not necessarily perfect depictions of their populations. The three required elements of control: manipulation (of variable that operates in an experiment, randomization (of assigning participants to conditions, comparison/control (a control group) It is the (cid:862)presumed effect. (cid:863: requires operational definition. A research study that is structured to an experiment but lacks one or both of the following. The study includes a quasi-independent variable: quasi-independent variable is a preexisting variable that is often a characteristic inherent to an individual, which participants cannot be randomly assigned, for example, sex (male, female) This method can determine whether a relationship exists between variables but lacks the appropriate controls needed to demonstrate cause and effect. Continuous and discrete variable: a continuous variable is measured a continuum at any place beyond the decimal point. Measured numerically and is often collected by measuring or counting.