MCB 2000 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Bacteriophage, Arthropod, Thermus Aquaticus
5 Jun 2018
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Notes from the Practice Exam 2
• The CDC uses ____ to track outbreaks of foodborne illness
o DNA fingerprints
o RFLPs
o Reverse-transcriptase PCR
• Archaea did NOT evolve before bacteria
• RNA interference
o Used to silence specific genes
o May be used for treating cancer, viral diseases
• Synthesis of a repressible enzyme is stopped by the ___
o Corepressor-repressor complex binding to the operator
• Agricultural products made by DNA techniques
o Nitrogenase (nitrogen fixation)
o Frost retardant
o Glyphosphate-resistant crops
o Bacillus thuringiensis insecticide
o NOT pectinase
• Gene silencing involves…
o Dicers
o Production of double stranded RNAs
o RNA-induced silencing complex
o Small interfering RNAs
• Green algae does NOT produce toxic compounds
• Vector = self-replicating DNA used to transmit a gene from one organism to another
• Inducible enzyme = an enzyme produced in response to the presence of a substrate
• Techniques used to introduce recombinant DNA into plants
o Ti plasmids and agrobacterium
o Gene guns
o Protoplast fusion
o Electroporation
o NOT microinjection
• Transcription may produce
o rRNA
o tRNA
o mRNA
• Conjugation transfers DNA horizontally
• Pneumocystis is NOT transferred by mosquitoes
• Cell-to-cell contact is NOT required for transduction
• Random shotgun method is used for genome sequencing
• cDNA lacks introns
• RNA polymerase copies DNA to make a molecule of RNA
• Lichens represent a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and an ALGA—NOT a
protozoan
• Metagenomics = the study of genetic material taken directly from the environment
• Bacteria typically contain ONE chromosome
• Shuttle vector = plasmid that is used to move pieces of DNA among organisms
• Eliminate anopheles mosquitoes to eliminate malaria
• Yeast infections are caused by Candida albicans
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