PHI 120- Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 18 pages long!)
13 Oct 2017
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Document Summary
Trivium in classical education, the foundational set of language arts disciplines consisting of grammar, logic, and rhetoric. Logic in the classical trivium, the art of constructing and critiquing language (in the form of arguments) according to the principles of clarity, relevance, and consistency. Aristotle: mid-300s b. c, worldview: ancient, religion: deism, key texts: organ on, rhetoric, key ideas: Inference the reasoning process expressed by an argument, moving from more believable claims to less believable claims. Argument a set of statements connected by an inference from at least one premise to exactly one conclusion. Statement (proposition) the abstract, truth-functional logical content expressed by a sentence. Sentence one of many possible grammatical forms that an utterance may take. Premise a statement which serves as evidence in an argument to help justify a conclusion: p1: all humans are mortal, p2: socrates is a human.
