[BIOLOGY 172] - Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam (30 pages long!)

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29 Nov 2016
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Irreversible inhibition- inhibitor binds to enzyme by covalent bonds, get altered. Typically involves direct interactions with the active site. Nucleotides are attached together into chains by phosphodiester bonds. Two strands of nucleotides in a double helix. Bases point inside the helix (sugar-phosphate outside) Only purine-pyrimidine pairs fit inside the double helix. Method used to mathematically solve the 3d structure of macromolecules now used mostly for proteins. Vary in carbon number, position of carbonyl group, arrangement of atoms. Disaccharides- two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic bond. Gene- a portion of dna that encodes a protein (or rna) product. Genome- all of the dna/genetic material in an organism. Proteome- all of the proteins produced by an organism. Inherited dna direct the development of an organism. Dna is the substance of genes and directs its own replication. Genes are the units of inheritance that determine traits of characteristics. Polar molecules and ions dissolve readily in water (salt)