PSYCH 111 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Frontal Lobe, Temporal Lobe, Operant Conditioning

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Cognition: focus on mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating information. Includes concepts (the mental groupings of similar objects, events, ideas, or people. Concepts simplify our thinking (little cognitive effort) Prototype: a mental image or best example of a category. Ex. crow is more birdier than penguin because it. When something matches our prototype of a concept, Concepts speed and guide our thinking but don"t always make us wise resembles our bird prototype we are more likely to recognize it as a concept (prejudice against sexes) Non-obvious way: getting from the first to the second. Algorithms: step-by-step procedures that guarantee a solution. Nature resorts to heuristics: simpler thinking strategies. Insight: abrupt, true-seeming and often satisfying solution. Specifically telling starting conditions, goal state and methods for. Whole range of possible states and operators, only some of which will lead to the goal state. Brain scans (eegs and fmris show bursts of activity associated with insight)