PSYCH 240 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Mental Age, Heritability, Hindsight Bias
Document Summary
For consonants the airflow is partially or fully obstructed: stop consonants ba/da/ta/ - temporary blockage of airflow and then a quick release, fricatives- s/z/v/f restricted airflow (there also other categories of consonants) Frequency is the number of cycles per second (hertz, hz). That"s what articulation is all about position of our tongue, lips, teeth, vocal cords: steady state formants: formants that do not change frequency, important for vowels, transitional: formants shift from one frequency to another. Can be rising (starts at lower frequency and move to higher frequency). Or falling (starts at higher frequencies and moves to lower). Transitional formants are important for consonants: problems with speech recognition, segmentation. No breaks between words: speaker variability. Different people saying the same sound, still different: lack of invariance. Same speaker saying same phoneme, but differs due to context. Coarticulation: starting position: so, if an /i/ follows a /b/ it has to sound different than if it followed a /k/.
