SOCIOL 101 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Structural Functionalism, Karl Marx, Ethnography
12 Oct 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
SOCIOL 101
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Sociology 101
9/15/2017
Lecture 5
Other terms to know
- reliability
- extent to which measure produces consistent results
- validity
- degree to which measure/scale reflects what is being studied
- correlation
- change in one variable coincides in change in another variable
- causation
- change in 1 variable (independent variable) creates change in another variable
(dependent variable)
Research Methods
- Scientific method
- systematic, organized steps for objectivity and consistency to research problem
- define problem
- review literature
- make hypothesis
- choose research design
- collect/ analyze data
- develop conclusion
- ideas for more research
Types of research methods
- surveys
- ethnography
- experiments
- secondary data analysis
-
Secondary analysis
- usually previously collected data for new analysis
- census data
- crime statistics
- birth, death, marriage, divorce, health statistics
- cost effective
- limited to data collected for another purpose
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Surveys
- data collected from responses to series of questions and presented quantitatively
- sample size
- nonresponse rates
- forms, wording, and context of questions matter
- contextualizing results
- compare to other surveys
- compare across time (longitudinal)
limitations: can be expensive + time consuming
Ethnography
- systematic, long-term data gathering
- interested in patterns
- draw on meticulous field research
- direct observations
- participation/ participant observation
- interview (formal and informal)
- allows me to study behaviors and communities that can’t really be investigated
- limitations: labor-intensive data collection
Experiments
- artificially created situation that allow researchers to manipulate variables
- theory testing
- observe cause and effect
- 2 groups: control and treatment groups
- Limitations:
- controlled environment
- hawthorne effect ( being watched)
- Reading: critically approaching statistics (Best)
- symbols are a component of interactionism
- stability is component of functionalism
- power is a component of conflict perspective
- Marx is associated with conflict perspective
- Goffman is associated with interactionism
- Durkheim is associated with functionalism
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Extent to which measure produces consistent results validity. Degree to which measure/scale reflects what is being studied correlation change in one variable coincides in change in another variable causation change in 1 variable (independent variable) creates change in another variable (dependent variable) Scientific method systematic, organized steps for objectivity and consistency to research problem. Develop conclusion choose research design collect/ analyze data ideas for more research. Usually previously collected data for new analysis census data crime statistics. Birth, death, marriage, divorce, health statistics cost effective limited to data collected for another purpose. Data collected from responses to series of questions and presented quantitatively sample size. Nonresponse rates forms, wording, and context of questions matter contextualizing results compare to other surveys compare across time (longitudinal) limitations: can be expensive + time consuming. Ethnography systematic, long-term data gathering interested in patterns. Participation/ participant observation interview (formal and informal)
