ANTH 1301 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Dryopithecus, Robert Broom, Body Plan
20 Mar 2016
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Primate taxonomy (classifying primates based on evolutionary relationships) General anthropoid behavior/anatomy characteristics: (monkeys, apes, humans: larger body size, larger brains, no rhinarium/reduced smell, forward eyes/color vision, fully enclosed eye orbit, fused mandible at midline, more generalized teeth, longer gestation/ maturation. Ischial callosities (butt: downward facing nostrils, two premolars, varied locomotion, arboreal quadrupedality, terrestrial quadrupedality, verticle clinging and leaping, semi-brachiation, varied diets, fruits, seeds, leaves, nuts, grasses, tubers, roots, bird eggs, amphibians, small reptiles and mammals. Dental formulae: human and old world monkeys 2:1:3:3 icpm (incisors, canine, premolars, molars, new world monkeys 2:1:2:3. Prehensility (hands, tails, feet): clasping of hands, tails, feet. Sexual dimorphism: differences in physical characteristics between males and females of the same species. Dominance hierarchies: systems of social organization wherein individuals within a group are ranked relative to one another. Higher-ranking animals have greater access to preferred food items and mating partners than lower-ranking individuals.
