BIO 370 Study Guide - Comprehensive Final Exam Guide - Natural Selection, Allele, Mutation
Document Summary
Cichlid fishes in africa evolved within the last 20,000 years. It"s one of the causes of evolution, but there are others: nonrandom survival of genotypes and phenotypes. If individuals with certain traits have greater chance of survival and reproduction. + offspring resemble parents, then population evolves by natural selection: ex. After drought = lost variability, those that survive have a mean beak depth of 10. 1mm: drought = one of the biggest natural selection episodes in history, which happened among the same generation, so not evolution. Hiv epidemic: reverse transcriptase (point where drugs can mess with hiv virus): dosage of drugs increases overtime for same patient in order to kill same amount of virus. Azt interferes with reverse transcriptase to make dna from rna. Overtime, there are changes on the enzyme to make drug less effective. Rbc (ccr5-delta32 gene); this resistance has strong geographical pattern, which reflects % of people in the population infected with hiv: does(cid:374)"t look i(cid:374)to the future.
