BIOL 2457- Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 21 pages long!)
Document Summary
The cellular material between the plasma membrane and the nucleus. It is where most cellular activities and chemical reactions occur. Various dissolved particles (ions, glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, proteins) Tiny, specialized structures with characteristic shapes and functions. Allow cells to grow, maintain themselves, and reproduce. Sausage shaped with 2 membranes (outer: smooth; inner: extensively folded) Are the power houses of the cell, producing most of the cell"s atp. Very abundant in cells that are highly active (muscles, kidney, liver) Bacteria-like: have own, dna, rna, ribosomes, and can reproduce: mitochondrial dna comes from mom. Most of the atp is made in the matrix of the mitochondria o. Endosymbiotic theory- describes how animal and plant cells may have created mitochondria; what allows us to use energy. Small, dark staining granules composed of 2 subunits (abt 80 proteins total) Have a high content of one type of rna (ribosomal rna; rrna) Function in cytosol: get imported into mitochondria.
