ANSC 380 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Zoonosis, Trim Tab, Rabies

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12 Oct 2018
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ANSC 380
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
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Animal Science 380
Chapter 1 Notes
Domesticated Animals Share Six Traits
o Flexible diet
o Fast growth rate
o Breed in captivity
o Pleasant disposition
o Temperament
o Herding instinct
Koch’s Postulates
o The microbe must be present in every case of the disease
o The microbe must be isolated in pure culture from a host affected with the disease
o Inoculation of another host with microbe culture must cause the disease
o The microbe must be re-isolated from the experimentally inoculated host
Biotechnology
o Genetic Testing
Can screen for genetic disorders; genome analysis
o Genetic Engineering
Enhance or eliminate certain traits by manipulating genetic makeup
o GMO
Genetically modified organisms
o Transgenics
Transfer of a specific gene from one organism to another
o Cloning
Produce genetically identical organisms
o 3D Printing
Printing appendages for animals
Animal Health Products
o Large business
Millions spent each year to prevent/ treat disease
o New drugs
7-10 years to develop a new drug
3-5 years to develop new vaccine
$100 million to develop a new drug
o Research Development
$689 million spent
$6.8 billion on health products
Antimicrobials and Vaccines
o 1916
The first vaccine for cattle aggression against Blackleg
o 1950
The mass production of antibiotics such as penicillin and sulfonamides
The First Animals to Become Domesticated
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o Dog
Undetermined Geographical Region
o Sheep
Western Asia
o Cat
Fertile Crescent
o Goat
Western Asia
o Pig
Western Asia
o Cattle
Eastern Sahara
o Chicken
Asia
o Horse
Kazakhstan
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Document Summary

Inherited genetic defects: birth defects, problem during fetal development, environmental influence, may or may not show clinical signs, metabolic, metabolic disease. Inflammatory: na(cid:373)e of (cid:272)o(cid:374)ditio(cid:374) (cid:373)ay e(cid:374)d i(cid:374) (cid:862)itis(cid:863) Immune mediated is a disease resulting from an overwhelming activity of the adaptive immune system: trauma/toxins, trauma: Injury or damage caused by physical harm from an external source: toxins, the degree to which a substance can harm animals, understanding how a disease is caused, epidemiology, study of disease in a population, determinants. Animal science 380: three different levels of defense mechanisms. Increase peristalsis: urogenital tract, flushing effect, acidic ph. Innate immunity: phagocytes, phagocytosis, swallowing of a cell, cells that are adapted to engulf and destroy microbes or foreign particles, natural killer cells. Infected host cells are eliminated by apoptosis: both of these are non-specific and can cause tissue damage, phagocytes, neutrophils, present in larger numbers and are the initial responder during an infection.

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