PHIL 2060 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Act Utilitarianism, Divine Command Theory, Transferred Intent

• School: University of Virginia
• Department: Philosophy
• Course: PHIL 2060
• Professor: All

Document Summary

Mala in se things that violate the law morally. Mala prohibita violations of the law that break a rule but nothing morally. Positive/conventional morality what one group sees as right or wrong. Critical/objective morality what all societies should see as right or wrong. Consequentialist theories rightness/wrongness of an action depends on the circumstances. Ethical egoism act is right if it promotes person"s interests. Act utilitarianism an act is right if it increases society"s happiness. Rule utilitarianism an act is right if it follows a set of rules that, generally speaking, increases society"s happiness. Divine command theory act is right if it follows god"s will. Deontological theories some acts are right or wrong regardless of their consequences. Criminal liability responsibility for a wrong against society; usually requires a punishment. Civil liability responsibility for civil wrongdoing (like a breach of contract) or injury; usually involves monetary compensation.