AFROAMER 231 Study Guide - Final Guide: Cotton Gin, Black-Figure Pottery, Fannie Lou Hamer

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Lords of the loom and lords of the lash . 1st confiscation act (august 1861): acknowledges slaves as contraband of union. 2nd confiscation act (july 1862): freed slaves in union occupied areas of confederacy and seized slave property of treasonous slaveholders. Semi-secret churches (held in slave quarters: lived in constant threat of sale, most lived on plantations, some worked as domestics, women endured threat and practice of sexual exploitation, slave codes. 76% of southern white families did not own slaves: 24% owned. 50% owned 5 or less: less than 1% owned 100+ slaves. 1860: 62% of all slaves lived on plantations: 33% on substantial plantations of 50+ slaves. 1850: 73. 4% slaveholders held fewer than 10 slaves. Women cultural stereotypes: mammy, virtuous, modest, completely devoted to white family, put on face . Jezebel: have no morals , sexual deviant, sapphire, domineering women, doesn"t need man, strong. The north: political and social marginalization, most northern states, blacks denied:

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