BIO 110 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Semipermeable Membrane, Nuclear Lamina, Cell Membrane
23 Aug 2017
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Eukaryotic cells have dna in a bound nuclear envelope and have membrane-bound organelles. There is cytoplasm between the plasma membrane and cell nucleus. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells both have a plasma membrane, cytosol, chromosomes, and ribosomes: cell membranes are made up of a phospholipid bilayer that is selectively permeable; it allows passage of oxygen, nutrients, and waste. They also participate directly in metabolism: because metabolic requirements impose theoretical upper limits on the size that is practical for a single cell, not a lot of stuff can enter the cell at once. The surface area-to-volume ratio means that as the cell increases in size, its surface area grows proportionally less than its volume. They allow material to be transported from cell to cell. Animal cells have tight junctions which create a watertight seal between the cells; typically found in epithelial cells. Gap junctions in animal cells communicate between cells are allow for the transport of ions, nutrients, and other substances.
