Biology And Biomedical Sciences BIOL 2960 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Insulin Receptor, Chaperonin, Protein Kinase A
6 Feb 2019
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Series of steps leading to a cell"s response to a signal: amplification, separation of perception/response, distribution, specificity. Metabolism: network of biochemical pathways with each reaction catalyzed by an enzyme. Reaction rate: reaction with enzyme reaches a plateau when enzymes are saturated, v0=vmax([s]/([s]+km, vmax=maximum velocity of reaction when plenty of substrate, km= substrate concentration at vmax, 1/v0=km/vmax x 1/[s] +1/[vmax, -1/km=x intercept, 1/vmax=y intercept, slope= km/vmax. Enzyme inhibition: competitive- binds to active site instead of substrate, overridden by high concentration of substrate, noncompetitive- induces a conformational change in enzyme, active site can"t function, irreversible inhibition, ex. Inactive form lacks active site: allosteric activation- binds to active site, keeps in proper conformation. Population of active enzyme increases with increasing substrate concentration. Coenzymes: non-protein components that help in catalysis, biotin, carries coo, coenzyme a (coa, contains sh group, can form thioester linkages with acid, nad + fad, carry electrons, reduced to nadh with input of e- and h+
