University College - Chemistry Chem 112A Study Guide - Final Guide: Cathodic Protection, Molecularity, Nernst Equation
13 Dec 2016
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Law of mass action (products over reactants raised to molar coefficients) If q < k, the forward reaction will proceed spontaneously. If q > k, the reverse reaction will proceed spontaneously. If q = k, the reaction is at equilibrium. Use with q = [ad][ac]/[aa][ab] at any point in reaction vs. k (at specific temp) Lechatelier"s principle: system at equilibrium will respond to stress by counteracting it. Note: ideal gas only has effect if pressure is held, not if volume held. Pay attention to whether a reaction is endothermic/exothermic for shifts. Strong acids: hi, hclo4, hclo3, hbr, hcl, h2so4, hno3. Smaller the ka the weaker the acid, but higher ka correlates with lower pka. Solvent leveling for strong acids/bases: species is strong if stronger than the conjugate acid/base of the solvent, but the conjugate acid/base of the solvent is the strongest acid/base that can exist in that solution.
