PSYC1101 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Twin, Twin Study, Genetic Testing
Document Summary
Many characteristics are polygenic in origin; that is, they are influenced by the interactions of multiple genes: genetic manipulation allows scientists to duplicate and alter genetic material or, potentially, to repair dysfunctional genes. These procedures promise ground-breaking advances in understanding genetic mechanisms and in treating physical and psychological disorders. Adoption and twin studies are the major research methods used to disentangle hereditary, and environmental and social factors. Especially useful is the study of identical and fraternal twins who were separated early in life and raised in different environments. Identical twins are more similar on a host of psychological characteristics, even when reared apart. The role of learning in adapting to the environment: the environment exerts its effects largely through learning processes made possible by innate biological mechanisms. Behaviour geneticists make an important distinction between shared (by more than one person) and unshared (more or less unique) environmental influences.
