PSY2071 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8-9: Sex Organ, Secondary Sex Characteristic, System Programming
PSY2071 – Readings – Week 4 – Adolescent development
• puberty
•
o puberty
o
▪ the hormonal and physical changes by which children
become sexually mature human beings and reach their
adult height
o puberty rite
o
▪ a coming of age ritual, usually beginning at some event
such as first menstruation, held in traditional cultures to
celebrate children’s transition to adulthood
o secular tend in puberty
o
▪ a century long decline in the average age at which children
reach puberty in the developed world
▪ can be used as an index of a nation’s economic
development
o menarche
o
▪ a girls first menstruation
o spermarche
o
▪ a boys first ejaculation of live sperm
o hormonal programmers
o
▪ adrenal androgens
▪
▪ hormones produced by the adrenal glands that
program various aspects of puberty such as growth
of body hair, skin changes and sexual desire
▪ HPG axis
▪
▪ the main hormonal system programming puberty; it
involves a triggering hypothalamus hormone that
causes the pituitary to secrete its hormones which in
turn cause the ovaries and testes to develop and
secrete the hormones that produce the major body
changes
▪ involves the hypothalamus, gonads and the pituitary
gland
▪ causes the ovaries and the testes to secrete closely
related compounds called oestrogen’s and the
hormone called testosterone
▪
▪ testosterone and the adrenal androgens are
the desire hormones
o physical changes
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