LING 3P71 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Nonfinite Verb, Part Of Speech, Complementary Distribution
15 Jan 2016
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Morphological: what affixes are found on the word. Derivational morphemes: affixes that make words out of other words. Inflectional: change tense, number but not type of word. Distribution: parts of speech are determined based on their distribution. Can appear as the subject or direct object of a sentence. Can be regarded as no (no apples were ) If you can replace a word with another common noun, then that word is a noun. Can follow auxillaries and the non-finite marker to". Can be inflected into their comparative and superlative form (-er, -est) Appear between determiners and nouns and follow auxillaries. Can"t appear between determiners and nouns or after the verb is" and its variants. Complementary distribution: 2 categories that never appear in the same environment (adverbs and adjectives) Open class: parts of speech that can take new members; n, v, adv, adj. Closed class: parts of speech that don"t take new members; d, p, conj, c, t, neg, etc.
