GEOG 204 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Denitrification, Ozone Depletion, Organic Farming

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Agricultural management enables more calories of food to be obtained from a given area of land over a more predictable period of time than the simple collecting of wild foods. Until the early 1950s, world agricultural production had kept pace with population growth chiefly through expansion of the cultivated area. Hence, as population grew exponentially, cropland area expanded dramatically. Indeed, although expansion subsequently slowed and had all but stopped by the end of 1980s, more land was converted to cropland in the 30 years afer 1950 than in the 150 years between 1700 and 1850. It has enabled the continued increase in yields. Large fields and mechanization have gone hand in hand with several other key components of these techniques: Application of increasing amounts of synthetic fertilizers to supply plant nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) Protection of crops from diseases, pests and weeds with synthetic chemicals.

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