HPRO 3250 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Hypermagnesemia, Fluid Balance, Spinach

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Bones are organs that contain metabolically active tissues composed primarily of materials and a fibrous protein called collagen. We have two types of bone: cortical and trabecular. Cortical bone is dense and composes about 80% of our bone. Trabecular bone is porous in nature and composes about 20% of our bone. Trabecular bone is more sensitive to hormonal and nutritional factors and turns over more rapidly than cortical bone. The three types of bone activity are growth, modelling and remodelling. Our bones reach their peak bone mass by our late teenage years and into our twenties; bone mass begins to decline around age 40. Bone is constantly being recycled through a process called remodeling. Remodeling of bone involves the resorption of bone through the action of osteoclasts and the formation of bone through the action of osteoblasts. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (dxa or dexa) is the gold standard measurement of bone mass. It is a simple, safe and painless procedure.

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