BIOL-2011EL Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Phenylthiocarbamide, Gustav Tschermak Von Seysenegg, Vulgate
25 Jun 2018
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Essentials of Genetics, 8 (Klug)
Chapter 3 Mendelian Genetics
1) Name the single individual whose work in the mid-1800s contributed to our understanding of
the particulate nature of inheritance as well as the basic genetic transmission patterns. With
which organism did this person work?
A) Gregor Mendel; Pisum sativum
B) George Beadle; Neurospora
C) Thomas Hunt Morgan; Drosophila
D) Calvin Bridges; Drosophila
E) Boris Ephrussi; Ephestia
Answer: A
Section: Introduction
2) A recessive allele in tigers causes the white tiger. If two normally pigmented tigers are mated
and produce a white offspring, what percentage of their remaining offspring would be expected
to have normal pigmentation?
A) 25%
B) 50%
C) about 66%
D) 75%
E) about 90%
Answer: D
Section: 3.2
3) Polydactyly is expressed when an individual has extra fingers and/or toes. Assume that a man
with six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot marries a woman with a normal number
of digits. Having extra digits is caused by a dominant allele. The couple has a son with normal
hands and feet, but the couple's second child has extra digits. What is the probability that their
next child will have polydactyly?
A) 1/32
B) 1/8
C) 7/16
D) 1/2 - do a punnett square to determine answer more easily
E) 3/4
Answer: D
Section: 3.2
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4) Tightly curled or wooly hair is caused by a dominant gene in humans. If a heterozygous curly-
haired person marries a person with straight hair, what percentage of their offspring would be
expected to have straight hair?
A) 25%straight
B) 50% straight – homozygous-heterozygous crossing of the 2 genes
C) 75% straight
D) 100% straight
E) It is impossible to predict the outcome.
Answer: B
Section: 3.2
5) Which types of phenotypic ratios are likely to occur in crosses when dealing with a single
gene pair for which all the genotypic combinations are of equal viability?
A) 9:3:3:1, 27:9:9:9:3:3:3:1
B) 1:2:1, 3:1 – derived from Mendel’s punnett square experiment
C) 1:4:6:4:1, 1:1:1:1
D) 12:3:1, 9:7
E) 2:3, 1:2
Answer: B
Section: 3.2
6) Assume that a black guinea pig crossed with an albino guinea pig produced 5 black offspring.
When the albino was crossed with a second black guinea pig, 4 black and 3 albino offspring were
produced. What genetic explanation would apply to these data?
A) albino = recessive; black = recessive
B) albino = dominant; black = incompletely dominant
C) albino and black = codominant
D) albino = recessive; black = dominant
E) None of the answers listed are correct.
Answer: D
Section: 3.2
7) The fundamental Mendelian process that involves the separation of contrasting genetic
elements at the same locus is called ________.
A) segregation.
B) independent assortment
C) continuous variation
D) discontinuous variation
E) dominance or recessiveness
Answer: A
Section: 3.2
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8) Which of the following groups of scientists were influential around the year 1900 in setting
the stage for our present understanding of transmission genetics?
A) Beadle, Tatum, Lederberg
B) Watson, Crick, Wilkins, Franklin
C) deVries, Correns, Tschermak, Sutton, Boveri
D) Darwin, Mendel, Lamarck
E) Hippocrates, Aristotle, Kolreuter
Answer: C
Section: 3.5
9) The Chi-square test involves a statistical comparison between measured (observed) and
predicted (expected) values. One generally determines degrees of freedom as ________.
A) the number of categories being compared
B) one less than the number of classes being compared (df = n-1)
C) one more than the number of classes being compared
D) ten minus the sum of the two categories
E) the sum of the two categories
Answer: B
Section: 3.8
10) According to Mendel's model, because of ________, all possible combinations of gametes
will be formed in equal frequency.
Answer: independent assortment
Section: Introduction
11) Assume that in a series of experiments, plants with round seeds were crossed with plants
with wrinkled seeds and the following offspring were obtained: 220 round and 180 wrinkled.
(a) What is the most probable genotype of each parent? Do punnett square
(b) What genotypic and phenotypic ratios are expected? Dominant:recessive
(c) Based on the information provided in part (b), what are the expected (theoretical) numbers of
progeny (400 total) of each phenotypic class?
Answer:
(a) assuming that round (W) is dominant to wrinkled (w): Ww X ww
(b) 1:1
(c) 200
Section: 3.2
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Document Summary
Chapter 3 mendelian genetics: name the single individual whose work in the mid-1800s contributed to our understanding of the particulate nature of inheritance as well as the basic genetic transmission patterns. With which organism did this person work: gregor mendel; pisum sativum, george beadle; neurospora, thomas hunt morgan; drosophila, calvin bridges; drosophila, boris ephrussi; ephestia. Section: introduction: a recessive allele in tigers causes the white tiger. If two normally pigmented tigers are mated and produce a white offspring, what percentage of their remaining offspring would be expected to have normal pigmentation: 25, 50, about 66, 75, about 90% Section: 3. 2: polydactyly is expressed when an individual has extra fingers and/or toes. Assume that a man with six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot marries a woman with a normal number of digits. Having extra digits is caused by a dominant allele.
