PSYC-233 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Designer Baby, Assortative Mating, Casual Sex
Document Summary
Once it was believed that body type= personality (ie jolly fat man). Kretschmer found different body types prone to diffierent disorders. Sheldon found dimensions based on somatotype (body configuration) measured on a 1-7 scale (4-4- Endomorphs: fat (emphasis on endoderm-digestive embryonic development) related to viscerotonia (tolerance, easygoing, good will) Mesomorphs: muscle/bone (emphasis on mesoderm) related to somatotonia (bold, assertive, adventurous) Ectomorphs: thin, frail (emphasis on skin/nervous system, ectoderm) related to cerebrotonia (antisocial, apprehensive) Physical makeup (genes) contributes to personality- studied with twin studies (monozygotic/dizygotic) Dizygotics share on average probability 50% of genetic makeup; monozygotes 100%- however still often have different personalities in same environment. Allows study of genetics; ie if identicals are more similar in trait than fraternals, role is genetic. Studying separated identicals (different environment) allows us to determine sole role of genetics. Heritability: an estimate of the amount of variance created by genetic factors. Adoption studies: how does the child resemble biological vs. environmental parents.
