NUR1 233 Chapter Notes - Chapter 15: Shoulder Dystocia, Perineum, Levator Ani
13 Jun 2012
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Size of fetal head, fetal presentation, fetal lie, fetal attitude, fetal position. Placenta: passenger too rarely impedes process of labor in normal vaginal birth exception is placental previa. Size of fetal head: fetal skull: two parietal bones, two temporal boens, frontal bone and occipital bone, sutures: sagittal, lambodial, coronal, and frontal membranous unite fetal skull bones, fontanels: membrane-filled spaces located where sutures intersect. Anterior: larger diamond shaped 3cm x 2cm at junction of sagittal, coronal, and frontal sutures. Provides adaptation to the various dimeters of the maternal pelvis. Fetal presentation: part of the fetus that enters the pelvic inlet first and leads through the birth canal during labor at term, 3 main presentations. Cephalic: head first 96% - usually occiput. When presenting part is occiput, the presentation is noted as vertex. Breech: buttocks or feet first 3% - usually sacrum. Shoulder: 1% - usually scapula: factors that determine the presenting part: fetal lie, fetal attitude, extension or flexion of head.
