POLI 244 Chapter : POLI 244 - ER Reading (Keohane's "After Hegemony")

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Realist theories regard international relations as a state of anarchy, in which states judge its own causes and carry out its own judgements. Problem: system-wide patterns of cooperation (such as those observed in finance, health, telecommunications) cannot be explained by realism. Institutionalist (liberal) theorists also predict that the increasing amount of economic interdependence post wwii will create an atmosphere more conducive for peace. Problem: erosion of international regimes alongside american power; signs of decline in the extent to which powers cooperate leave dents in the most optimistic of institutionalist theories. Hegemony typically only results after a large-scale conflict; during peace times weaker countries tend to gain on the hegemon. In the nuclear age, it is difficult to presume that a country will emerge prosperous and with hegemonic power. American hegemony erodes, it is therefore necessary to deal with preserving world peace in the absence of a hegemon.

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