PSYC 213 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Stroop Effect, Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex, Inattentional Blindness
21 Mar 2013
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Document Summary
Pashler, contemporary cognitive psychologist of 21st, claims that no one knows what attention is and it may not even exist. We now believe that attention refers to a variety of possible processes and methods for studying them. Neisser and becklen used a selective looking: selective looking: visual analogue to dichotic listening where subject is exposed to two events simultaneously, but attends only to one, found that people were able to attend to either sequence. Early selection: hypothesis that attention prevents early perceptual processing of distractors: supported by dichotic listening and selective looking. Late selection: hypothesis that both relevant and irrelevant stimuli are perceived, therefore one must ignore the irrelevant stimuli to focus on the relevant ones: supported by the stroop task. Incongruent condition takes more time than control condition. Cognitive processes normally considered to be automatic (ex: word reading) are susceptible to top-down influences exerted by suggestion at the neural level" (ex: hypnosis)
