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PSYC 213 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Syllogism, Mental Model, Transitive Relation

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skywombat229
25 Apr 2012
School
McGill University
Department
Psychology
Course
PSYC 213
Professor
Signy Sheldon

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Document Summary

Reasoning: thought process that yields a conclusion from premises (percepts, thoughts, assertions). Syllogistic reasoning: a syllogism consists of 2 premises and a conclusion. Each of the premises specifies a relationship between 2 categories. Sometimes called categorical reasoning: universal affirmative: all as are bs, universal negative: no bs are as, particular affirmative: some as are bs, particular negative: some as are not bs. Possible to interpret the premises in a syllogism in a variety of ways. More complicated when premises are combined to arrive at a conclusion. Logicism: the belief that logical reasoning is an essential part of human nature. Practical syllogism: occurs when the conclusion drawn from 2 premises becomes an action. Problem= untrained participants make logical errors when asked to evaluate the validity of syllogistic arguments but not always. Truth/falsehood of a premise = irrelevant when judging its validity. Validity depends only on whether or not the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises.

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Related Questions

18. Dr. Barnes is an organizational psychologist who has just completed a profile of the employees of Alcan. He reports that there is a positive correlation (r = +0.60) between salary and job satisfaction while there is a negative correlation (r = -0.75) between number of hours worked in a week and job satisfaction. Comparing the correlation coefficients, we can conclude that A) high salaries cause greater job satisfaction than less work hours B) less work hours cause greater job satisfaction than high salaries C) there is a stronger association between salary and job satisfaction D) there is a stronger association between number of hours worked and job satisfaction E) no conclusions can be made

18. Dr. Barnes is an organizational psychologist who has just completed a profile of the employees of Alcan. He reports that there is a positive correlation (r = +0.60) between salary and job satisfaction while there is a negative correlation (r= -0.75) between number of hours worked in a week and job satisfaction. Comparing the correlation coefficients, we can conclude that A) high salaries cause greater job satisfaction than less work hours B) less work hours cause greater job satisfaction than high salaries C) there is a stronger association between salary and job satisfaction D) there is a stronger association between number of hours worked and job satisfaction E) no conclusions can be made