PSYC 215 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Ancient Greek Philosophy, Ingroups And Outgroups, Social Loafing

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Natural selection: the evolutionary process by which nature selects traits that best enable organisms to survive and reproduce in particular environmental niches. Evolutionary psychology: the study of the evolution of behaviour using principles of natural selection. Culture: the enduring behaviours, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next. Norms prescribe proper behaviour (in a different sense of the word, norms also describe what most others do what is normal) Individualism: the concept of giving priority to one"s own goals over group goals and defining one"s identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identification. Collectivism: giving priority to the goals of one"s groups (often one"s extended family or work group) and defining one"s identity accordingly. Holistic reasoning: reasoning that emphasizes considering all possible influences and balancing competing forces. Analytical reasoning: reasoning that emphasizes the proper use of rules and that contradictory statements cannot be true.

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