ANTHROP 1AA3 Chapter 4: Sex, Food and Death p. 214-217

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Shows how anthropologists assess health status, physical strength and functional limitation, and infectious and nutritional disease stress through analysis of bone lesions in skeletal remains. Analysis provides insights into the devastating impact of contact with europeans. Diagnosis of specific cause of disease is difficult because skeletal tissue typically responds in nonspecific ways to disease. Analysis of past health begins with the understanding of environmental context which they lived. In terms of ancient health, understanding cultural patterns helps us to understand which cultural customs buffered against poor health and which customs may have promoted disease. Osteoarthritis: among the oldest and most commonly known diseases that affect humans, measuring amount of arthritic involvement can be hard because of large number of areas to be assessed and range of variation in bony response. The first well-documented, widespread epidemic in what was to become new. Mexico was smallpox in 1636: shortly afterwards, measles entered the area.

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