ANTHROP 1AA3 Chapter 2: Anthropology - Chapter 2 - Sex and Gender.docx

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Gender: roles that people perform in their households and communities & values and attitudes people have regarding men and women (cultural category) Sex: whether you are born male or female (biological category) Gender identity: how people internalize and enact attitudes and expectations associated with gender category. Gender construct (gender model): set of cultural assumptions about gender roles and values and relations between genders that people learn as members of their societies. Every culture has ideas about roles that are appropriate for men and women. Dna evidence of human ancestors (chimpanzees, gorillas) diverged 5-6 million years ago. Fossil evidence indicates hominid ancestors of modern humans (australopithecines) were 3. 5 million years ago. Cognitive complexity increased in ancestors (to process information and solve problems), brain became bigger. Was dangerous to have babies with such big heads so women adapted to have larger pelvis" than men. Emphasis on hunting privileged males as major agents of human cultural advantages.

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