BIOCHEM 2EE3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Dna Replication, Glycosidic Bond, Phosphodiester Bond
Document Summary
Consist of organic nitrogenous bases, a pentose sugar, and phosphate: dna and rna differ in the nature of the sugar component. 2" hydroxyl group on ribose in rna provides functionality that is lacking in dna. 2" hydrogen group on deoxyribose in dna: five-carbon sugar ribose (rna) and 2-deoxyribose (dna) Polymeric chains, which are comprised of monomeric units connected by covalent bonds. Acidic nature (pka~= 1: negative charge of molecule"s monomer units at its physiological ph. Heteropolymers: each monomer in the chain carries a pyrimidine heterocyclic base, or nucleobase, which is always linked to the. Most eukaryote dnas contain a small proportion of cytosines. Glycosidic bond: bond between carbon 1" of the sugar and the methylated at carbon 5. base nitrogen: monomer nucleotides, which is the 5"- monophosphorylated derivative of a nucleoside (which comprises just a base and a sugar). Oligonucleotide: small polymers that contain only a few residues. Ribozymes: rna molecules capable of catalyzing chemical reactions.