BIOLOGY 1A03 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: Sister Chromatids, Harriet Creighton, Meiosis

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Ultimate explanation explains why something happens; evolutionary nature. Proximate explanation explains how something happens; mechanic in nature. A sperm (male reproductive cell) and an egg (female reproductive cell) unite in a process called fertilization. Meiosis nuclear division that leads to a halving of chromosome number: formation of gametes (egg and sperm cells, occurs in sexually reproducing individuals. Gamete a haploid (n) reproductive cell that has one set of chromosomes. Fertilization occurs during the fusion of two gametes (one from each parent) Chromosomes: composed of dna and proteins, carry genes (hereditary information, homologs/homologous chromosomes chromosomes of the same type size and with the same genes at identical locations. Carry the same genes but may carry different alleles. Genes: units of heredity, made of dna (nucleic acid) located on chromosomes, have specific sequences of nucleotides (monomers, most genes program cells to synthesize proteins, the actions of these proteins produce the organisms inherited traits. Alleles are the different versions of a specific gene.

Related Questions

Short answers please

1. What is the ultimate effect in an XY human with its SRY genemutated?

2. In humans, the allele for brown eye (B) is dominant to blue(b) eye color. If two heterozygous parents produce children, whatis the probability that:

a. The first child has brown eyes, and the next two childrenhave blue eyes?

b. If the couple above eventually produces a total of sixchildren, what is the probability that three of them will be boyswith brown eyes, and three of them girls with blue eyes?

3. In a paternity dispute, a type AB woman claimed that one ofthe four men was the father of her type A child. Which of thefollowing men could be the father of the child on the basis of theevidence below? Give your reasoning.

Man #1 = type A

Man #2 = type B

Man #3 = type O

Man #4 = type AB

4. Several mating were made among all-white cats. The progentfrom these mating showed the following phenotypic frequency:

All-white cats = 12/16

Black cats = 3/16

Gray cats = 1/16

a. Diagram the cross showing the genotypes of the parents, andtheir progeny as given above,

b. Which gene is epistatic? Explain your answer.

5. Mitosis and meiosis differ in that

a. homologues are seperated in prophase of mitosis

b. homologues are seperated in prophase I of meiosis

c. homologues are seperated in prophase II of meiosis

d. sister chromatids are seperated in prophase I of meiosis

6. The phases of meiosis that most resemble those of mitosisare

a. the meiosis I phase

b. the meiosis II phase

c. meiosis I, except for the pairing of homologues

d. meiosis II, except for the pairing of homologues

7. Genetic variability in sexually reproducing organism s arisesfrom

a. crossing over events between sister chromatids

b. crossing over events between nonsister chromatids

c. egg and sperm genetic recombination from distinctindividuals

d. egg and sperm recombination from an individual

8. A female contains an extra X chromosome, resulting fromnondisjunction. When this gamete is fertilized with normal sperm,it would result in an individual of a genotype

a. XXX

b. XXY

c. XYY

d. all of the above

e. only a and b

9. A diploid organism has the genotype AaBbCcDdEe. How manydifferent types of gametes can this individual produce?

a. 5

b. 10

c. 25

d. 32

e. 625

10. Assuming complete dominance, what is the phenotype ratio ofthe offspring of the cross AaBb x aabb?

a. 1:1

b. 3:1

c. 1:2:1

d. 1:1:1:1

e. 9:3:3:1

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BIOLOGY 1A03 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: Sister Chromatids, Harriet Creighton, Meiosis

BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes

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