CHEM 2E03 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Sulfonate, Locant, Alpha And Beta Carbon
Document Summary
Good leaving groups: halides, protonated heteroatoms as in alcohols, esthers, amines, thiols, thiol ethers, carbonyl groups (acid chlorides, esters, amides, ketones, aldehydes, nitriles, sulfonates (sulfonic esterns) Identify and name the substituents: number the parent chain and assign a locant to each substituent, assemble the substituents alphabetically. Halides are treated like alkyl substituents, named fluoro-, bromo-, iodo- Parent chain is numbered so the first substituent receives the lowest number, halides aren"t prioritized for lowest numbering if another substituent comes first eg. 2-methyl vs 3-bromo. Some simple halides also known by their common names where the alkyl becomes the substituent and the halide is the parent eg. chloroethane vs ethyl chloride. Systematic name: haloalkane common name: alkyl halide or organohalide. Each carbon is described in terms of its proximity to the halogen using greek letters. Alpha ( ) position is the carbon atom connected directly to the halogen: substitutions occur at the alpha carbon; location of partial positive charge.
