PSYCH 2H03 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10: Parsing, Linguistic Universal, Speech Perception

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Syntax: rules governing the sequences and combinations of words in the formation of phrases and sentences: syntactic rules determine whether a sequence of words is grammatical that is, conform to the patterns acceptable within the language. Syntax specifies the structure of the sentence and, with that, specifies the role of each word within the sentence. Phrase-structure rules: rules that identify the patterns within each of the sentence"s main components: one phrase-structure rule stipulates that a sentence (s) always consists of a noun phrase (np) followed by a verb phrase (vp) Often diagrammed as an (upside-down) tree structure . S npvp: another phrase-structure rule is the one defining how a noun phrase can be expanded: This means that a noun phrase consists of a determiner ( a , or or the ), followed by an adjective (a), followed by a noun (n) The symbol det is in parentheses, indicating that this term is optional.

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