PSYCH 4Y03 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Endocrine Gland, Red Blood Cell, Endocrinology
8 Apr 2017
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Interaction btwn hormones & behaviour is bidirectional (each can influence the other) Endocrine gland: ductless gland from which hormones released into bloodstream in response to specific physiological signals. Behavior does not always involve movement, can be any time of output (e. g. color change) Epo (used in doping) is released from kidneys & stimulates red blood cell production in bone marrow. Injecting it increases circulating red blood cells that add oxygen to muscles/tissues. Testosterone = steroid hormone that builds muscle mass (consequently it increases heart size which decreases pumping efficiency) Berthold"s experiment: first formal study of endocrinology demonstrated that substance produced by testes could travel through bloodstream to affect behavior. Experiment showed a product of testes necessary for a cockerel to develop into adult rooster (based on mating, vocalization, appearance and aggression behavior: method: Hormones may serve dual functions: e. g. those that cause gametic maturation also promote mating behavior. Hormones are similar to cytokines (chemicals produced by immune system cells)
