PSYC 1000 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Inductive Reasoning, Scientific Method, Falsifiability

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Two characteristics all science share are: similar principles/beliefs about how to best understand the world, they rely on the scientific method. Science is built on two core beliefs: the universe operates according to certain natural laws. Things happen in the world according to some sort of orderly fashion. Example: natural law of cause and effect when something is set in motion is has an effect on other things: such laws are discoverable and testable. By observing what happens in the natural world, we can figure out the laws that make these things happen. And can then make predictions about what might happen, do experiment and see if those predictions are true or not. Start with general ideas and apply them to certain situations: deductive reasoning: reasoning proceeding from broad basic principles applied to specific situations. Francis bacon: one of the first to question the deductive approach, thought it was too susceptible to thinker"s biases.

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