PSYC 1000 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Statistical Inference, Standard Deviation, Statistical Significance

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Statistics are used to describe and measure relationships between variables: many statistical analyses. Correlation: predictable relationship between two or more variables. The closer to +1. 00 or -1. 00 the number is, the stronger the relationship. Correlation coefficient of 0, means there is no relationship. Perfect correlation: one in which two variables are exactly related, such that low, medium, and high scores on both variables are always exactly related. Correlation with a positive sign is not stronger than one with a negative sign. The sign determines the direction and only the number determines the strength. 0. 3 or above means there is some kind of predictable relationship. Correlations do not tell us causation: do not tell us whether one thing causes another or not. Descriptive research methods are also called correlational research methods because neither can tell us causation. But over a number of studies, correlations can help us determine causation.

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