BIOL 103 Chapter Notes - Chapter 44: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Atp Hydrolysis, Troponin
27 Sep 2013
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Ch 44 the muscular skeletal system & locomotion. A skeleton is a structure that serve functions related to support, protection, and locomotion. 3 types of skeletons are: hydrostatic skeletons, exoskeletons, and endoskeletons. First 2 found in invertebrates, endoskeletons found in sponges, echinoderms, vertebrates. A hydrostatic skeleton uses water pressure to support bodies. Segmented worms moves by passing a wave of muscular contractions along length of body; circular muscles squeeze elongate body and longitudinal muscles shortens it. Exoskeletons are on the outside of an animal"s body. Arthropods have an exoskeleton, an external skeleton that surrounds and protects most of the body surface, provides support. The skeleton is made of chitin and strengthened with calcium and other minerals. To allow growth, exoskeletons are shed, regrown and strengthened ecdysis. Exoskeletons vary in their complexity, thickness, and durability: ex. A fly maggot exoskeleton allows it to move through decaying organic matter while the lobster exoskeleton provides defence against sea predators.
